Bhalisela kwiMidiya yethu yeNtlalo ukuze ufumane iPosi ekhawulezileyo
Itekhnoloji ye-Direct Time-of-Flight (dTOF) yindlela entsha yokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokubhabha kokukhanya, kusetyenziswa indlela ye-Time Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC). Le teknoloji iyinxalenye yezicelo ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka ekuqondeni umgama kwii-elektroniki zabathengi ukuya kwiinkqubo ze-LiDAR eziphambili kwizicelo zeemoto. Kwisiseko sayo, iinkqubo ze-dTOF ziqulathe amacandelo aliqela abalulekileyo, nganye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukulinganiswa komgama okuchanekileyo.
Izinto eziphambili zeenkqubo ze-dTOF
Umqhubi weLaser kunye neLaser
Umqhubi welaser, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yesekethe yokudlulisa, uvelisa imiqondiso ye-digital pulse ukulawula ukukhutshwa kwelaser ngokutshintsha i-MOSFET.IiLaser ezikhupha umphezulu ongqindilili(ii-VCSEL), zithandwa ngenxa ye-spectrum yazo encinci, amandla aphezulu, amandla okuguqula ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokulula kokudibanisa. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo, ubude bamaza obuyi-850nm okanye i-940nm bukhethwa ukuze kulinganiswe phakathi kweencopho zokufunxwa kwe-spectrum yelanga kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-sensor quantum.
Ukuhambisa nokwamkela ii-Optics
Kwicala lokudlulisa, ilensi elula ye-optical okanye indibaniselwano yeelensi ze-collimating kunye neeDiffractive Optical Elements (DOEs) zikhokela umqadi we-laser kwibala elifunekayo lokujonga. Ii-optics ezifumanayo, ezijolise ekuqokeleleni ukukhanya ngaphakathi kwebala elijoliswe kulo, ziyazuza kwiilensi ezineenombolo ze-F eziphantsi kunye nokukhanya okuphezulu, kunye nezihluzi ze-narrowband ukuphelisa ukuphazamiseka kokukhanya okungaphandle.
IiSensors ze-SPAD kunye ne-SiPM
Ii-diode ze-avalanche ezine-photon enye (i-SPAD) kunye nee-Silicon photomultipliers (i-SiPM) zezona zinzwa ziphambili kwiinkqubo ze-dTOF. Ii-SPAD zahlukile ngokukwazi kwazo ukuphendula kwii-photon enye, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho umsinga we-avalanche onamandla nge-photon enye kuphela, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zilungele ukulinganisa okuchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ubukhulu bazo obukhulu bee-pixel xa buthelekiswa nee-sensors ze-CMOS zemveli buthintela isisombululo sendawo seenkqubo ze-dTOF.
Isiguquli seXesha ukuya kwiDijithali (i-TDC)
Isekethe ye-TDC iguqulela imiqondiso ye-analog ibe yimiqondiso yedijithali emelwe lixesha, ibamba umzuzu ochanekileyo we-pulse nganye ye-photon erekhodwayo. Oku kuchaneka kubalulekile ekumiseleni indawo yento ekujoliswe kuyo ngokusekelwe kwi-histogram ye-pulses erekhodweyo.
Ukuhlola iiParamitha zokuSebenza ze-dTOF
Uluhlu lokuFumanisa kunye nokuChaneka
Uluhlu lokubona lwenkqubo ye-dTOF ngokwethiyori lufikelela kwinqanaba lokuba ukukhanya kwayo kungahamba kangakanani kwaye kubonakale kubuyela kwisensor, echongiweyo ngokwahlukileyo kwingxolo. Kwizinto ze-elektroniki zabathengi, ingqwalasela ihlala ikwi-5m range, kusetyenziswa ii-VCSEL, ngelixa usetyenziso lweemoto lunokufuna uluhlu lokubona oluyi-100m nangaphezulu, nto leyo edinga ubuchwepheshe obahlukeneyo obufana nee-EEL okanyeiileyiza zefayibha.
cofa apha ukuze ufunde okungakumbi malunga nemveliso
Uluhlu oluphezulu olucacileyo
Uluhlu oluphezulu olungenantsingiselo luxhomekeke kwisithuba esiphakathi kweepulses ezikhutshwayo kunye nefrequency ye-modulation yelaser. Umzekelo, nge-frequency ye-modulation ye-1MHz, uluhlu olucacileyo lunokufikelela kwi-150m.
Ukuchaneka kunye neMpazamo
Ukuchaneka kwiinkqubo ze-dTOF kunqunyelwe bububanzi be-pulse ye-laser, ngelixa iimpazamo zinokuvela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo, kubandakanya umqhubi we-laser, impendulo ye-SPAD sensor, kunye nokuchaneka kwesekethe ye-TDC. Amaqhinga afana nokusebenzisa i-SPAD ebhekisayo anokunceda ukunciphisa ezi mpazamo ngokuseka isiseko sexesha kunye nomgama.
Ukumelana nengxolo kunye nokuphazamiseka
Iinkqubo ze-dTOF kufuneka zijongane nengxolo yangasemva, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okunamandla. Iindlela ezifana nokusebenzisa ii-pixels ezininzi ze-SPAD ezinamazinga ahlukeneyo okunciphisa ukukhanya zinokunceda ekulawuleni lo mngeni. Ukongeza, amandla e-dTOF okwahlula phakathi kokubonakaliswa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokubonakaliswa kwe-multipath kuphucula ukuqina kwayo ngokuchasene nokuphazamiseka.
Isisombululo seNdawo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla
Ukuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yesenzi se-SPAD, njengokutshintsha ukusuka kwiinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezingaphambili (FSI) ukuya kwiinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezingasemva (BSI), kuye kwaphucula kakhulu amazinga okufunxwa kwe-photon kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwesenzi. Le nkqubela phambili, idibene nendalo yeenkqubo ze-dTOF ezishukumayo, iphumela ekusetyenzisweni kwamandla okuphantsi xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zamaza aqhubekayo njenge-iTOF.
Ikamva leTekhnoloji ye-dTOF
Nangona kukho imiqobo ephezulu yobuchwephesha kunye neendleko ezinxulumene netekhnoloji ye-dTOF, iingenelo zayo zokuchaneka, ububanzi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ziyenza ibe ngumviwa othembisayo kwizicelo zexesha elizayo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Njengoko itekhnoloji ye-sensor kunye noyilo lwesekethe ye-elektroniki ziqhubeka nokukhula, iinkqubo ze-dTOF zikulungele ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi, ziqhuba ubuchule kwi-elektroniki yabathengi, ukhuseleko lweemoto, nangaphezulu.
- Kwiphepha lewebhu02.02 TOF系统第二章 dTOF系统 - 超光 Ngokukhawuleza kunokukhanya (faster-than-light.net)
- ngumbhali: uChao Guang
Isikhanyeli:
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Ixesha leposi: Matshi-07-2024