Bhalisela kwiMidiya yethu yeNtlalo ukuze ufumane iPosi ekhawulezileyo
Ngexesha lokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe obutsha, iinkqubo zokuhamba ngenqanawa zavela njengeentsika ezisisiseko, ziqhuba inkqubela phambili emininzi, ingakumbi kumacandelo abalulekileyo ngokuchanekileyo. Uhambo oluvela kwindlela yokuhamba ngenqanawa yasezulwini esisiseko ukuya kwi-Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) ephucukileyo lubonisa imizamo yabantu yokuphonononga nokuchaneka okucacileyo. Olu hlalutyo lujonga nzulu kwiindlela ezintsonkothileyo ze-INS, luhlola ubuchwepheshe obuphambili be-Fiber Optic Gyroscopes (FOGs) kunye nendima ebalulekileyo ye-Polarization ekulondolozeni i-Fiber Loops.
Inxalenye 1: Ukuchaza iiNkqubo zokuHamba ezingasebenziyo (INS):
Iinkqubo zokuHamba ngeNdlela eziNgenanga (INS) zibonakala njengezixhobo zokulawula ukuhamba ezizimeleyo, zibala ngokuchanekileyo indawo yesithuthi, ulwalathiso, kunye nesantya, ngaphandle kweempawu zangaphandle. Ezi nkqubo zivumelanisa intshukumo kunye neenzwa zokujikeleza, zidibana ngaphandle komthungo neemodeli zokubala zesantya sokuqala, indawo, kunye nolwalathiso.
I-INS ye-archetypal iquka izinto ezintathu eziphambili:
· Ii-Accelerometers: Ezi zinto zibalulekileyo zibhalisa ukukhawulezisa okuthe ngqo kwesithuthi, ziguqulela intshukumo ibe yidatha enokulinganiswa.
· IiGyroscopes: Ziyimfuneko ekumiseleni isantya se-angular, ezi nxalenye zibalulekile ekujoliseni inkqubo.
· Imodyuli yeKhompyutha: Iziko lemithambo-luvo ye-INS, ecubungula idatha enamacala amaninzi ukuze ivelise uhlalutyo lwemeko ngexesha langempela.
Ukungakhuseleki kwe-INS kwiingxaki zangaphandle kuyenza ibe yinto ebalulekileyo kumacandelo okhuselo. Nangona kunjalo, ilwa 'nokushukuma' - ukubola kokuchaneka kancinci kancinci, nto leyo ebangela izisombululo ezintsonkothileyo ezifana nokuhlanganiswa kwe-sensor ukunciphisa iimpazamo (Chatfield, 1997).
Icandelo 2. Amandla okusebenza kweFiber Optic Gyroscope:
IiFiber Optic Gyroscopes (iiFOG) zivakalisa ixesha lokutshintsha kwendlela yokubona izinto ezijikelezayo, zisebenzisa ukuphazamisana nokukhanya. Ngobunono obuphambili, iiFOG zibalulekile ekuzinziseni nasekuhambeni kwezithuthi zeenqwelo-moya.
IiFOG zisebenza kwisiphumo seSagnac, apho ukukhanya, okuhamba kwiindlela ezichaseneyo ngaphakathi kwekhoyili yefayibha ejikelezayo, kubonakalisa utshintsho lwesigaba oluhambelana notshintsho lwesantya sokujikeleza. Le ndlela iguquguqukayo iguqulela kwiimitha zesantya se-angular ezichanekileyo.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ziquka:
· Umthombo wokukhanya: Indawo yokuqala, ngesiqhelo yilaser, eqala uhambo lokukhanya oluhambelanayo.
· Ikhoyili yeFayibha: Umjelo we-optical ojikelezileyo, wandisa indlela yokukhanya, ngaloo ndlela wandisa isiphumo seSagnac.
· Isixhobo sokubona ifoto: Eli candelo libona iipatheni ezintsonkothileyo zokuphazamiseka kokukhanya.
Icandelo 3: Ukubaluleka kokugcinwa kwePolarization Fiber Loops:
IiFiber Loops zoLondolozo lwePolarization (PM), ezibaluleke kakhulu kwi-FOGs, ziqinisekisa imeko efanayo ye-polarization yokukhanya, into ebalulekileyo ekuchanekeni kwepatheni yokuphazamiseka. Ezi fibers zikhethekileyo, zilwa nokusasazwa kwendlela ye-polarization, ziqinisa uvakalelo lwe-FOG kunye nokunyaniseka kwedatha (Kersey, 1996).
Ukukhethwa kweefayibha ze-PM, okulawulwa ziimfuno zokusebenza, iimpawu zomzimba, kunye nokuvisisana kwenkqubo, kunefuthe kwiimilinganiselo zokusebenza ezibanzi.
Icandelo 4: Izicelo kunye noBungqina obuQinisekisiweyo:
IiFOG kunye ne-INS zifumana impembelelo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, ukusuka ekuhleleni iindlela zokungena emoyeni ezingenabantu ukuya ekuqinisekiseni uzinzo lwe-cinema phakathi kokungaqiniseki kokusingqongileyo. Ubungqina bokuthembeka kwazo kukuthunyelwa kwazo kwiMars Rovers yeNASA, okwenza kube lula ukuhamba ngaphandle komhlaba ngendlela ekhuselekileyo (Maimone, Cheng, kunye noMatthies, 2007).
Iindlela zemarike ziqikelela indawo ekhulayo kwezi teknoloji, kunye neevekhtha zophando ezijolise ekuqiniseni ukuqina kwenkqubo, iimatrices ezichanekileyo, kunye neespectra eziguquguqukayo (MarketsandMarkets, 2020).
I-gyroscope yelaser yeringi
Isicwangciso se-fibre-optic-gyroscope esekelwe kwisiphumo se-sagnac
Iireferensi:
- IChatfield, AB, ngo-1997.Iziseko zoKuhamba ngeNdlela eNgenanga ngokuChaneka okuPhezulu.Inkqubela phambili kwi-Astronautics and Aeronautics, uMqulu 174. Reston, VA: I-American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
- UKersey, AD, et al., 1996. "I-Fiber Optic Gyros: Iminyaka engama-20 yoPhuhliso lweTekhnoloji," kwiIinkqubo ze-IEEE,84(12), iphe. 1830-1834.
- UMaimone, MW, uCheng, Y., kunye noMatthies, L., 2007. "I-Visual Odometry kwiMars Exploration Rovers - Isixhobo sokuqinisekisa ukuQhuba ngokuchanekileyo kunye nemifanekiso yeSayensi,"IMagazini yeRobhothi kunye nokuZenzekelayo ye-IEEE,14(2), iphepha 54-62.
- IMarketsandMarkets, 2020. "IMarike yeNkqubo yokuHamba ngokuNgena kwiBanga, iTekhnoloji, uSetyenziso, iCandelo, kunye neNgingqi - uQikelelo lweHlabathi ukuya ku-2025."
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Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-18-2023