Ukuziva okukude kwe-LiDAR: Umgaqo, iSicelo, iZibonelelo zasimahla kunye neSoftware

Iinzwa zomoya ze-LiDARinokuthi ibambe amanqaku athile kwi-laser pulse, eyaziwa ngokuba yimilinganiselo yokubuyisela ecacileyo, okanye irekhode isignali epheleleyo njengoko ibuya, ebizwa ngokuba yi-full-waveform, ngamaxesha amiselweyo njenge-1 ns (egubungela malunga ne-15 cm). I-LiDAR egcweleyo isetyenziswa kakhulu kumahlathi, ngelixa i-Discrete return LiDAR inezicelo ezibanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Eli nqaku lixubusha ngokuyintloko i-LiDAR yokubuya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Kwesi sahluko, siza kugubungela izihloko ezininzi eziphambili malunga ne-LiDAR, kubandakanya nezixhobo zayo ezisisiseko, indlela esebenza ngayo, ukuchaneka kwayo, iinkqubo kunye nezixhobo ezikhoyo.

Amacandelo asisiseko se-LiDAR

Iinkqubo ze-LiDAR ezisekwe kumhlaba ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenzisa iilaser ezinobude obuphakathi kwe-500-600 nm, ngelixa iinkqubo ze-LiDAR ezisemoyeni zisebenzisa iilaser ezinobude obude, ukusuka kwi-1000-1600 nm. Ukuseta okuqhelekileyo kwe-LiDAR ye-airborne kubandakanya i-laser scanner, iyunithi yokulinganisa umgama (iyunithi yokulinganisa), kunye neenkqubo zokulawula, ukubeka iliso kunye nokurekhoda. Ikwabandakanya i-Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) kunye ne-Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), ehlala idityaniswe kwinkqubo enye eyaziwa ngokuba yindawo kunye nenkqubo yokuqhelanisa. Le nkqubo ibonelela ngendawo echanekileyo (ubude, ubude, kunye nokuphakama) kunye nedatha yokuqhelanisa (i-roll, pitch, kunye nesihloko).

 Iipateni apho i-laser ihlola indawo ingahluka, kubandakanywa i-zigzag, i-parallel, okanye i-elliptical paths. Ukudibanisa kwedatha ye-DGPS kunye ne-IMU, kunye nedatha yokulinganisa kunye neeparitha zokunyuka, ivumela inkqubo ukuba iqhube ngokuchanekileyo amanqaku e-laser aqokelelweyo. La manqaku anikwa ulungelelwaniso (x, y, z) kwinkqubo yolungelelwaniso lwejografi kusetyenziswa iWorld Geodetic System ka-1984 (WGS84) datum.

Njani LiDARUluvo olukudeIyasebenza? Cacisa Ngendlela Elula

Inkqubo ye-LiDAR ikhupha i-laser pulses ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwinto ekujoliswe kuyo okanye kumphezulu.

I-laser pulses ibonakalisa kwithagethi kwaye ibuyele kwi-sensor ye-LiDAR.

I-sensor ilinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ixesha elithathayo ukuba i-pulse nganye ihambe kwithagethi kunye nomva.

Ukusebenzisa isantya sokukhanya kunye nexesha lokuhamba, umgama oya kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo ubalwa.

Idityaniswe neenkcukacha zokuma kunye ne-orientation kwi-GPS kunye nee-sensors ze-IMU, ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwe-3D lwe-laser reflections lunqunywe.

Oku kukhokelela kwilifu elishinyeneyo le-3D elimele umphezulu oskeniweyo okanye into.

Umgaqo wePhysical of LiDAR

Iinkqubo ze-LiDAR zisebenzisa iindidi ezimbini ze-lasers: i-pulsed kunye ne-wave eqhubekayo. Iinkqubo ze-Pulsed LiDAR zisebenza ngokuthumela i-pulse yokukhanya emfutshane kwaye emva koko ilinganise ixesha elithathayo ukuba le pulse ihambe ukuya ekujoliswe kuyo kwaye ibuyele kummkeli. Lo mlinganiselo wexesha lokuya nokubuya unceda ekumiseleni umgama oya kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Umzekelo uboniswa kumzobo apho i-amplitudes zombini isignali yokukhanya okugqithisiweyo (AT) kunye nesignali yokukhanya efunyenweyo (AR) iboniswa. I-equation eyisiseko esetyenziswe kule nkqubo ibandakanya isantya sokukhanya (c) kunye nomgama ojoliswe kuyo (R), ukuvumela inkqubo ukubala umgama ngokusekelwe kwixesha elithathayo ukuba ukukhanya kubuye.