Amandla okubetha kwe-laser abhekisa kumandla adluliselwa yi-laser pulse ngeyunithi yexesha. Ngokwesiqhelo, ii-laser zinokukhupha amaza aqhubekayo (CW) okanye amaza abethayo, kwaye la mandla abaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezininzi ezifana nokucubungula izinto, ukubona kude, izixhobo zonyango, kunye nophando lwesayensi. Ukuqonda iimpawu zamandla okubetha kwe-laser kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kwayo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwesicelo.
1. Inkcazo kunye nokulinganiswa kwamandla e-pulse
Amandla e-laser pulse ngamandla akhutshwa yi-laser pulse nganye, edla ngokulinganiswa ngee-joules (J). Ngokungafaniyo nee-continuous wave (CW) lasers, ii-pulsed lasers zikhupha amandla ngexesha elifutshane, kwaye ubukhulu bamandla buhlala bunxulumene nobude be-pulse (ububanzi be-pulse) kunye namandla e-peak.
Amandla e-pulse angabalwa kusetyenziswa le fomyula ilandelayo: E = Ppeak × τ. Apho u-E enge-pulse energy (iijoules), i-Ppeak ligunya eliphambili le-pulse (ii-watts), kwaye i-τ bubude be-pulse (imizuzwana). Oku kuthetha ukuba amandla e-pulse anxulumene ngokuthe ngqo namandla e-peak kunye nobubanzi be-pulse.
2. Izinto Ezichaphazela Amandla Okubetha Kwentliziyo
Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela amandla okubetha kwe-laser, eziquka:
①Uyilo lweLaser kunye nohlobo:
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeelaser zichaphazela ubungakanani bamandla e-pulse. Umzekelo, iilaser ze-solid-state zihlala zibonelela ngamandla e-pulse aphezulu, afanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifuna amandla aphezulu. Iilaser zefayibha, kwelinye icala, zinokuvelisa ii-pulse ezinamandla aphezulu ngokulungisa ubude bazo be-wavelength.
②Ubude bePulse (Ububanzi bePulse):
Okukhona ububanzi be-pulse bufutshane, kokukhona amandla e-peak aphezulu ngexesha elithile, nto leyo evumela amandla e-pulse aphezulu. Ububanzi be-pulse kwi-pulsed lasers buqhele ukulungelelaniswa phakathi kwe-nanoseconds kunye ne-picoseconds, kwaye ii-short pulses zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo ezichanekileyo ngenxa yamandla azo aphezulu.
③Ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwamandla eLaser kunye namandla:
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwelaser kumisela ngokuthe ngqo amandla aphumayo. Ezinye iinkqubo zelaser zinokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa ngokuphucula uyilo lwe-gain medium okanye i-laser cavity, ngaloo ndlela zonyusa amandla e-pulse.
④Izikhulisi-lizwi zeLaser:
Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-laser ezinamandla aphezulu, ii-amplifiers zisetyenziselwa ukwandisa amandla okukhupha. Ngokusebenzisa i-amplifiers ezininzi, amandla e-pulse anokwandiswa kakhulu.
⑤I-Laser Drive yangoku:
Umsinga wokuqhuba we-laser diode okanye inkqubo ye-laser yinto ephambili echaphazela amandla ayo okukhupha kunye namandla e-pulse. Ngokulungisa umsinga, imeko yokuvuselela ye-laser inokutshintshwa, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazele amandla e-pulse.
3. Ukusetyenziswa kweLaser Pulse Energy
Ubungakanani bamandla e-laser pulse bumisela ukufaneleka kwawo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zezicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
①Ukucubungula Izinto:
Kwi-laser welding, cutting, kunye ne-engraving, amandla e-pulse anokulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo ukuze kufezekiswe ukucubungula okusebenzayo nokuchanekileyo. Amandla e-pulse aphezulu afanelekile ekucubunguleni izinto zesinyithi, ngelixa ii-pulse ezinamandla aphantsi zisetyenziselwa unyango lomphezulu olucolekileyo.
②Izicelo zonyango:
Iilaser ezityhalwayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwicandelo lezonyango, ingakumbi kwiindlela zotyando lwelaser, unyango lolusu, kunye nonyango lwamehlo. Umzekelo, iilaser ezityhalwayo ezinamandla aphezulu zinokugxila amandla elaser obude obuthile kwiindawo ezincinci zokususa izicubu ezigulayo okanye ukunyanga iingxaki zamehlo.
③I-LiDAR kunye ne-Remote Sensing:
Itekhnoloji yeLiDAR ixhomekeke kwi-laser yamandla aphezulu okubetha kwentliziyo ukuze ikwazi ukuhlalutya ngokuchanekileyo kunye nemifanekiso. Ekujongeni okusingqongileyo, ukuqhuba ngokuzimela, kunye nokujonga i-drone, ubungakanani bamandla okubetha kwentliziyo buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgama wokufumanisa kunye nesisombululo senkqubo yeLiDAR.
④Uphando lwezeNzululwazi:
Iilaser ezishukumayo zikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiimvavanyo kwifiziksi, ikhemistri, kunye nebhayoloji. Ngokulawula ngokuchanekileyo amandla e-pulse, izazinzulu zinokwenza uphando oluchanekileyo lwe-laser-induced spectroscopy, ukukhawuleziswa kwee-particle, kunye nophando lokupholisa nge-laser.
4. Iindlela zokunyusa amandla okubetha kwentliziyo
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokunyusa amandla e-laser pulse ziquka:
①Fumana Uphuculo Oluphakathi:
Ngokukhetha indlela efanelekileyo yokuzuza kunye nokwenza ngcono uyilo lwe-laser cavity, amandla okukhupha e-laser anokwandiswa.
②Ukwandiswa kweLaser enamanqanaba amaninzi:
Ii-amplifier ezinamanqanaba amaninzi zinokunyusa kancinci amandla okubetha kwe-laser ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zezicelo ezahlukeneyo.
③Ukwandisa Ububanzi beDrive Current okanye iPulse:
Ukulungisa umbane we-laser okanye ububanzi be-pulse kunokubangela amandla amakhulu e-pulse.
④Itekhnoloji yokuNxibelelana kwePulse:
Ngokusebenzisa iindlela zokucinezela i-pulse, ubude be-pulse bunokufushwa, kwandiswe amandla ayo aphezulu kwaye kukhutshwe amandla amaninzi ngexesha elifutshane.
5. Isiphelo
Amandla e-laser pulse yiparameter ephambili echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-laser kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhubela phambili okuqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe be-laser, ii-pulsed lasers ziya kuba nezicelo ezibanzi kumashishini amaninzi. Ukusuka ekuchweni ngokuchanekileyo ukuya ekuqondeni kude kunye nonyango lwezonyango, amandla aphezulu e-pulsed lasers avula amathuba amatsha. Ukuqonda iingcamango ezisisiseko zamandla e-pulse kunye nezinto ezichaphazelayo kunokunceda ukwenza ukhetho olungakumbi lwesayensi xa uyila kwaye usebenzisa iinkqubo ze-laser.
Ixesha leposi: Feb-11-2025