Ngokuhambela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwetekhnoloji ye-optoelectronic, iisemiconductor lasers ziye zasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana nezonxibelelwano, amayeza, ukusetyenzwa kwamashishini, kunye ne-LiDAR, ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu, ubungakanani obubambeneyo, kunye nokulula kokumodareyitha. Embindini wobu buchwepheshe kulele i- gain medium, edlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Isebenza njenge“umthombo wamandla”eyenza ukukhutshwa okuvuselelweyo kunye nokuveliswa kwe-laser, ukumisela i-laser's ukusebenza, ubude bamaza, kunye namandla osetyenziso.
1. Yintoni i-Gain Medium?
Njengoko igama libonisa, i- gain medium yimathiriyeli ebonelela ngokwandisa ukukhanya. Xa uchulumanciswa yimithombo yamandla yangaphandle (efana nenaliti yombane okanye ukupompa i-optical), ikhulisa ukukhanya kwesiganeko ngendlela yokukhutshwa okuvuselelweyo, okukhokelela ekuphumeni kwelaser.
Kwii-lases ze-semiconductor, i-medium yokufumana idla ngokuqulunqwa ngummandla osebenzayo kwi-PN junction, okwakhiwa kwezinto, ulwakhiwo, kunye neendlela ze-doping ezinempembelelo ngokuthe ngqo kwiiparamitha eziphambili njenge-threshold yangoku, ubude be-wavelength, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye neempawu zobushushu.
2. Izinto eziqhelekileyo zokuzuza kwiiSemiconductor Lasers
I-III-V i-compound semiconductors zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokufumana izinto. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:
①I-GaAs (Gallium Arsenide)
Ilungele iilaser eziphuma kwi850-Uluhlu lwe-980 nm, olusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunxibelelwano lwe-optical kunye noshicilelo lwelaser.
②I-InP (Indidium Phosphide)
Isetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwiibhanti ze-1.3 µm kunye ne-1.55 µm, ibalulekile kunxibelelwano lwefiber-optic.
③I-InGaAsP / AlGaAs / InGaN
Ukuqamba kwabo kunokuhlengahlengiswa ukufezekisa amaza ahlukeneyo amaza, okwenza isiseko soyilo lwelaser enokutyibilika.
Ezi zixhobo zihlala zibonakalisa ulwakhiwo oluthe ngqo lwe-bandgap, luzenza zisebenze kakuhle ekudityanisweni komngxuma we-electron kunye nokukhutshwa kwefoton, ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwi-semiconductor laser gain medium medium.
3. I-Evolution ye-Gain Structures
Njengoko iitekhnoloji zokwenziwa ziqhubela phambili, ukufumana izakhiwo kwii-lasemiconductor lasers ziye zavela ukusuka kwi-homojunctions ukuya kwi-heterojunctions, kwaye ukuya phambili kwi-quantum kakuhle kunye nolungelelwaniso lwamachaphaza e-quantum.
①Heterojunction Gain Medium
Ngokudibanisa izixhobo ze-semiconductor kunye nee-bandgaps ezahlukeneyo, abathwali kunye neefotoni banokuvalelwa ngokufanelekileyo kwimimandla echongiweyo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa umda wangoku.
②Ulwakhiwo lweQuantum Well
Ngokunciphisa ubukhulu bommandla osebenzayo kwisikali se-nanometer, ii-electron zivalelwe kwimilinganiselo emibini, ukwandisa kakhulu ukuphumelela kokuhlanganiswa kwe-radiative. Oku kubangela iilaser ezinemisinga esezantsi kunye nokuzinza okungcono kwe-thermal.
③Izakhelo ze-Quantum Dot
Ukusebenzisa iindlela zokuzihlanganisa, i-nanostructures ye-zero-dimensional yenziwa, inikezela ngokusasazwa kwinqanaba lamandla elibukhali. Ezi zakhiwo zibonelela ngeempawu eziphuculweyo zokuzuza kunye nozinzo lwe-wavelength, zizenza indawo yophando kwisizukulwana esilandelayo se-laser ye-semiconductor ephezulu yokusebenza.
4. Ingaba iGain Medium imisela ntoni?
①I-Emission Wavelength
I-bandgap yezinto eziphathekayo inquma i-laser's ubude bobude. Ngokomzekelo, i-InGaAs ifanelekile kwiilaser ezikufutshane ne-infrared, ngelixa i-InGaN isetyenziselwa i-blue or violet lasers.
②Ukusebenza kunye namandla
Ukuhamba kwe-Carrier kunye ne-non-radiative recombination rates kuchaphazela ukuguqulwa kwe-optical-to-electrical performance performance.
③Ukusebenza kweThermal
Izinto ezahlukeneyo zisabela kwiinguqu zeqondo lokushisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezichaphazela ukuthembeka kwe-laser kwiindawo zoshishino kunye nemikhosi.
④Impendulo yokuguquguqula
Indlela yokuzuza ichaphazela i-laser's isantya sokuphendula, esibaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo zonxibelelwano olukhawulezayo.
5. Isiphelo
Kulwakhiwo oluntsonkothileyo lwe-lasemiconductor lasers, indawo yokuzuza ngokwenene “yintliziyo” yayo.-ayiloxanduva lokuvelisa i-laser kuphela kodwa kunye nokuchaphazela ubomi bayo, uzinzo, kunye neemeko zokusetyenziswa. Ukusuka kukhetho lwemathiriyeli ukuya kuyilo lolwakhiwo, ukusuka kwintsebenzo enkulu ukuya kwiinkqubo ezincinci, yonke impumelelo kwindlela yokuzuza iqhuba itekhnoloji yelaser ukuya ekusebenzeni okuphezulu, usetyenziso olubanzi, kunye nophononongo olunzulu.
Ngenkqubela phambili eqhubekayo kwisayensi yezixhobo kunye netekhnoloji ye-nano-fabrication, ukufumana ikamva eliphakathi kulindeleke ukuba kuzise ukuqaqamba okuphezulu, ukugubungela amaza abanzi, kunye nezisombululo zelaser ezikrelekrele.-ukuvula amathuba amaninzi kwisayensi, kushishino, kunye noluntu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-17-2025