Kwicandelo leeleser ezinamandla aphezulu, iileser bars zizinto ezibalulekileyo ezifunekayo. Azisebenzi nje kuphela njengeeyunithi ezisisiseko zokukhupha amandla, kodwa zikwabonisa ukuchaneka kunye nokuhlanganiswa kobunjineli be-optoelectronic banamhlanje.—oku kubafumana igama lesiteketiso: "injini" yeenkqubo ze-laser. Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye indlela eyakhiwe ngayo i-laser bar, kwaye ikhupha njani amashumi okanye amakhulu ee-watts zokukhupha ezivela kwiimilimitha ezimbalwa ngobukhulu? Eli nqaku liphonononga uyilo lwangaphakathi kunye neemfihlo zobunjineli ezingasemva kwee-laser bar.
1. Yintoni iLaser Bar?
I-laser bar sisixhobo esikhupha amandla aphezulu esakhiwe ziitships ezininzi ze-laser diode ezicwangciswe ecaleni kwi-substrate enye. Nangona umgaqo waso wokusebenza ufana nowe-single semiconductor laser, i-laser bar isebenzisa uyilo lwe-multi-emitter ukuze ifumane amandla aphezulu okukhanya kunye ne-compact form factor.
Iibha zeLaser zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumacandelo emizi-mveliso, ezonyango, ezenzululwazi, kunye nezokhuselo, nokuba zimithombo yelaser ethe ngqo okanye njengemithombo yepompo ye-fiber lasers kunye ne-solid-state lasers.
2. Ulwakhiwo lweLaser Bar
Ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi lwebha yelaser lumisela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwayo. Ngokuyintloko luqulathe ezi zinto zilandelayo ziphambili:
①I-Emitters Array
Iibha zelaser zihlala zine-emitters ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-100 (ii-laser cavities) ezibekwe ecaleni kwelinye. I-emitter nganye imalunga nama-50–150μububanzi be-m kwaye isebenza njengendawo ezimeleyo yokufumana amandla, ene-PN junction, i-resonant cavity, kunye nesakhiwo se-waveguide ukuvelisa nokukhupha ukukhanya kwe-laser. Nangona zonke ii-emitters zabelana nge-substrate efanayo, zihlala ziqhutywa ngombane ngaxeshanye okanye ngokweendawo.
②Ulwakhiwo lweLayer yeSemiconductor
Embindini we-laser bar kukho inqwaba yeengqimba ze-semiconductor, eziquka:
- Iileya ze-epitaxial zohlobo lwe-P kunye nohlobo lwe-N (ezenza i-PN junction)
- Umaleko osebenzayo (umz., ulwakhiwo lomthombo we-quantum), ovelisa ukukhutshwa okukhuthazwayo
- Umaleko we-Waveguide, oqinisekisa ulawulo lwendlela kwicala elingasecaleni nelithe nkqo
- IiBragg reflectors okanye ii-HR/AR coatings, eziphucula imveliso yelaser kwicala elithile
③Ulwakhiwo loLawulo lweSubstrate kunye noBushushu
Ii-emitters zikhuliswa kwi-monolithic semiconductor substrate (edla ngokuba yiGaAs). Ukuze kususwe ubushushu ngendlela ephumelelayo, i-laser bar ifakwa kwi-submounts ezine-conductivity ephezulu ezifana ne-copper, i-W-Cu alloy, okanye i-CVD diamond, kwaye idityaniswe nee-heat sinks kunye neenkqubo zokupholisa ezisebenzayo.
④Inkqubo yokukhupha ukungcola kunye neNkqubo yokudibanisa
Ngenxa yee-engile ezinkulu zokwahluka kweemitha ezikhutshwayo, iibha ze-laser zihlala zixhotyiswe ngee-micro-lens arrays (FAC/SAC) zokudibanisa kunye nokubumba imiqadi. Kwiinkqubo ezithile, i-optics eyongezelelweyo—njengeelensi ezisilinda okanye iiprism—zisetyenziselwa ukulawula umahluko phakathi kweendawo ezikude kunye nomgangatho wemitha.
3. Izinto ezibalulekileyo zolwakhiwo ezichaphazela ukusebenza
Ulwakhiwo lwebha yelaser ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni uzinzo lwayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwayo, kunye nobomi bayo benkonzo. Iinkalo eziphambili ziquka:
①Uyilo loLawulo loBushushu
Iibha zelaser zinamandla aphezulu kunye nobushushu obuqinileyo. Ukumelana okuphantsi kobushushu kubalulekile, okufezekiswa nge-AuSn soldering okanye i-indium bonding, kudityaniswe nokupholisa i-microchannel ukuze kususwe ubushushu obufanayo.
②Ukuyilwa kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwemiqadi
Ii-emitters ezininzi zihlala zinengxaki yokungahambisani kakuhle kunye nokungahambisani kakuhle kwamaza. Uyilo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwelensi echanekileyo kubalulekile ekuphuculeni umgangatho wemitha ye-far-field.
③Ulawulo loxinzelelo kunye nokuthembeka
Ukungalingani kwezinto ezibonakalayo kwii-coefficients zokwandiswa kobushushu kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okanye kwiimfanta ezincinci. Ukupakisha kufuneka kuyilwe ukuze kusasazwe uxinzelelo loomatshini ngokulinganayo kwaye kumelwane nokujikeleza kobushushu ngaphandle kokuwohloka.
4. Iindlela Zekamva Zokuyila Iibha ZeLaser
Njengoko imfuno yamandla aphezulu, ubungakanani obuncinci, kunye nokuthembeka okukhulu ikhula, izakhiwo ze-laser bar ziyaqhubeka nokukhula. Imiyalelo ephambili yophuhliso ibandakanya:
①Ukwandiswa kobude beWave: Kufikelela kwi-1.5μiibhendi ze-m kunye ne-mid-infrared
②Ukunciphisa: Ukuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezincinci kunye neemodyuli ezidityanisiweyo kakhulu
③Ukupakisha okukrelekrele: Ukubandakanya izinzwa zobushushu kunye neenkqubo zempendulo yesimo
④Ukuqiniswa kobuninzi obuphezulu: Ii-arrays ezifakwe kwiileya ukuze kufezekiswe imveliso ye-kilowatt kwinqanaba eliphantsi
5. Isiphelo
Njenge“intliziyo"Kwiinkqubo ze-laser ezinamandla aphezulu, uyilo lwesakhiwo seebha ze-laser luchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwe-optical, umbane, kunye nokusebenza kobushushu kwenkqubo iyonke. Ukudibanisa amashumi ee-emitters kwisakhiwo esibanzi ngeemilimitha kuphela akubonisi nje kuphela ubuchule bezinto eziphambili kunye nokuveliswa, kodwa kukwabonisa nenqanaba eliphezulu lokuhlanganiswa namhlanje.'imboni ye-photonics.
Ukujonga phambili, njengoko imfuno yemithombo yelaser esebenzayo nethembekileyo iqhubeka ikhula, uyilo olutsha kwisakhiwo se-laser bar luya kuhlala luyimpembelelo ephambili ekuphuculeni ishishini lelaser ukuya kwinqanaba elitsha.
Ukuba u'Ukuba ufuna inkxaso yeengcali ekupakisheni iibha ze-laser, ulawulo lobushushu, okanye ukukhetha imveliso, nceda unxibelelane nathi.'Silapha ukubonelela ngezisombululo ezenzelwe wena ukuze zihambelane neemfuno zakho zesicelo.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-02-2025