Iindaba - Kutheni sisebenzisa i-Nd: ikristale ye-YAG njengesixhobo sokufumana inzuzo kwi-laser ye-DPSS?

Bhalisela kwiMidiya yethu yeNtlalo ukuze ufumane iPosi ekhawulezileyo

Yintoni iLaser Gain Medium?

I-laser gain medium yinto eyandisa ukukhanya ngokukhupha okukhuthazwayo. Xa iiathom okanye iimolekyuli ze-medium zivuselelwa kumanqanaba aphezulu amandla, zinokukhupha ii-photons zobude obuthile bobude xa zibuyela kwimeko yamandla aphantsi. Le nkqubo yandisa ukukhanya okudlula kwi-medium, nto leyo esisiseko ekusebenzeni kwe-laser.

[Ibhlog enxulumeneyo:Izinto eziphambili ze-laser]

Yintoni iNzuzo eQhelekileyo?

Indlela yokufumana inzuzo ingahluka, kuqukaiigesi, ulwelo (iidayi), izinto eziqinileyo(iikristale okanye iiglasi ezifakwe ii-ion zesinyithi ezingaqhelekanga okanye eziguquguqukayo), kunye nee-semiconductors.Iileyiza ze-Solid-stateUmzekelo, badla ngokusebenzisa iikristale ezifana ne-Nd: YAG (Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminium Garnet) okanye iiglasi ezixutywe nezinto ezinqabileyo zomhlaba. Iilaser zedayi zisebenzisa iidayi zendalo ezinyibilikiswe kwizinyibilikisi, kwaye iilaser zegesi zisebenzisa iigesi okanye imixube yegesi.

Iintonga zelaser (ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene): iRuby, iAlexandrite, iEr:YAG, iNd:YAG

Umahluko phakathi kwe-Nd (Neodymium), i-Er (Erbium), kunye ne-Yb (Ytterbium) njenge-gain mediums

ngokuyintloko zinxulumene namaza okukhupha kwawo umbane, iindlela zokudlulisa amandla, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwawo, ingakumbi kwimeko yezinto ze-laser ezifakwe idosi.

Ubude bamaza okukhupha umoya:

- Er: I-Erbium idla ngokukhupha i-1.55 µm, ekwindawo ekhuselekileyo emehlweni kwaye iluncedo kakhulu kwizicelo zonxibelelwano ngenxa yokulahleka kwayo okuncinci kwiifayibha ze-optical (Gong et al., 2016).

- Yb: I-Ytterbium idla ngokukhupha malunga ne-1.0 ukuya kwi-1.1 µm, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ifaneleke kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo, kuquka ii-laser ezinamandla aphezulu kunye nee-amplifier. I-Yb idla ngokusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuvuselela i-Er ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo ezifakwe kwi-Er ngokudlulisa amandla ukusuka kwi-Yb ukuya kwi-Er.

- Nd: Izinto ezifakwe kwiNeodymium zihlala zikhupha malunga ne-1.06 µm. Umzekelo, iNd:YAG yaziwa ngokusebenza kwayo kakuhle kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-laser yemizi-mveliso neyezonyango (Y. Chang et al., 2009).

Iindlela zokuDlulisela amandla:

- Ukudibanisa i-Er kunye ne-Yb: Ukudibanisa i-Er kunye ne-Yb kwi-host medium kuluncedo ekuphuculeni ukukhutshwa kwe-emission kuluhlu lwe-1.5-1.6 µm. I-Yb isebenza njengesixhobo esisebenzayo sokuvavanya i-Er ngokufunxa ukukhanya kwepompo kunye nokudlulisela amandla kwii-ion ze-Er, okukhokelela ekukhulisweni okukhulu kwibhendi yonxibelelwano. Olu dluliselo lwamandla lubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwee-amplifiers ze-fiber ezifakwe i-Er (EDFA) (DK Vysokikh et al., 2023).

- Nd: I-Nd ayidingi sixhobo sokuvuselela amandla esifana ne-Yb kwiinkqubo ezifakwe i-Er. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-Nd kuvela ekufunxeni kwayo ngokuthe ngqo ukukhanya kwepompo kunye nokukhupha kwayo okulandelayo, okwenza ukuba ibe yindlela elula nesebenzayo yokufumana amandla nge-laser.

Izicelo:

- Er:Isetyenziswa kakhulu kunxibelelwano ngenxa yokukhupha kwayo kwi-1.55 µm, nto leyo ehambelana nefestile yokulahleka okuncinci kweefayibha ze-silica optical. Ii-Er-doped gain mediums zibalulekile kwii-optical amplifier kunye nee-laser kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano lwe-fiber optic ezikude.

- Yb:Isetyenziswa rhoqo kwizicelo zamandla aphezulu ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-elektroniki esilula esivumela ukupompa kwe-diode okusebenzayo kunye nokukhupha amandla aphezulu. Izixhobo ze-Yb-doped zikwasetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kweenkqubo ze-Er-doped.

- Nd: Ilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukusuka ekusikeni nasekudibaniseni i-industrial ukuya kwi-laser zonyango. Ii-laser ze-Nd:YAG zixatyiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kakuhle, amandla, kunye nokuguquguquka kwazo.

Kutheni sikhethe i-Nd:YAG njengesixhobo sokufumana i-gain medium kwi-laser ye-DPSS?

I-laser ye-DPSS luhlobo lwe-laser esebenzisa i-solid-state gain medium (njenge-Nd: YAG) epompelwa yi-semiconductor laser diode. Le teknoloji ivumela ii-laser ezincinci nezisebenzayo ezikwaziyo ukuvelisa imisebe yomgangatho ophezulu kwi-spectrum ebonakalayo ukuya kwi-infrared. Ukuze ufumane inqaku elineenkcukacha, ungacinga ngokukhangela kwiidathabheyisi zesayensi ezithembekileyo okanye abapapashi ukuze ufumane uphononongo olupheleleyo malunga netekhnoloji ye-DPSS laser.

[Imveliso Enxulumeneyo:I-laser yesimo esiqinileyo epompelwe yi-diode]

I-Nd:YAG idla ngokusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokufumana inzuzo kwiimodyuli zelaser ezifakwe kwi-semiconductor ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo, njengoko kuboniswe zizifundo ezahlukeneyo:

1. Ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu kunye neziphumo zamandla: Uyilo kunye nokulinganisa imodyuli yelaser ye-Nd:YAG epompelwe ecaleni kwe-diode kubonise ukusebenza kakuhle okukhulu, kunye nelaser ye-Nd:YAG epompelwe ecaleni kwe-diode enika amandla aphakathi angama-220 W ngelixa igcina amandla angaguqukiyo nge-pulse nganye kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-frequency. Oku kubonisa ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokukwazi kokuphuma kwamandla aphezulu kweelaser ze-Nd:YAG xa zipompelwe zii-diode (Lera et al., 2016).
2. Ukuguquguquka kokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka: Iiseramikhi ze-Nd:YAG zibonakalisiwe ukuba zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiiwavelength ezahlukeneyo, kuquka iiwavelengths ezikhuselekileyo emehlweni, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-optical-to-optical. Oku kubonisa ukuguquguquka kunye nokuthembeka kwe-Nd:YAG njengendlela yokufumana inzuzo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ze-laser (Zhang et al., 2013).
3. Ubungakanani obude kunye nomgangatho weBeam: Uphando kwi-laser ye-Nd:YAG esebenza kakuhle kakhulu, epompelwe yi-diode, lugxininise ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kwayo rhoqo, nto leyo ebonisa ukufaneleka kwe-Nd:YAG kwizicelo ezifuna imithombo ye-laser eqinileyo nethembekileyo. Olu phononongo lubike ukuba lusebenza ixesha elide nge-shots ezingaphezu kwe-4.8 x 10^9 ngaphandle komonakalo we-optical, nto leyo egcina umgangatho we-beam ogqwesileyo (Coyle et al., 2004).
4. Ukusebenza Okuqhubekayo Kwamaza Okusebenzayo Kakhulu:Izifundo zibonise ukusebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwe-continuous-wave (CW) yee-laser ze-Nd:YAG, zigxininisa ukusebenza kwazo njenge-gain medium kwiinkqubo ze-laser ezikhanywe yi-diode. Oku kuquka ukufikelela kwi-high optical conversion efficiencies kunye ne-slope efficiencies, nto leyo eqinisekisa ngakumbi ukufaneleka kwe-Nd:YAG kwizicelo ze-laser efficiency ephezulu (Zhu et al., 2013).

Ukudibanisa ukusebenza kakuhle, amandla aphumayo, ukuguquguquka kokusebenza, ukuthembeka, ukuhlala ixesha elide, kunye nomgangatho ogqwesileyo wemitha kwenza i-Nd:YAG ibe yindawo ekhethwayo yokufumana inzuzo kwiimodyuli zelaser ezipompelwe yi-semiconductor kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo.

Isalathiso

Chang, Y., Su, K., Chang, H., & Chen, Y. (2009). I-laser ekhuselekileyo ye-Q-switched eye-safe esebenza kakuhle kwi-1525 nm ene-Nd:YVO4 crystal ene-double-end diffusion-bonded njenge-self-Raman medium. Optics Express, 17(6), 4330-4335.

UGong, G., uChen, Y., uLin, Y., uHuang, J., uGong, X., uLuo, Z., kunye noHuang, Y. (2016). Iipropati zokukhula kunye ne-spectroscopic zekristale ye-Er:Yb:KGd(PO3)_4 njengesixhobo sokufumana i-laser esithembisayo se-155 µm. I-Optical Materials Express, 6, 3518-3526.

UVysokikh, DK, Bazakutsa, A., Dorofeenko, AV, kunye noButov, O. (2023). Imodeli esekelwe kuvavanyo lwe-Er/Yb gain medium yee-amplifiers zefayibha kunye nee-laser. Ijenali ye-Optical Society of America B.

Lera, R., Valle-Brozas, F., Torres-Peiró, S., Ruiz-de-la-Cruz, A., Galán, M., Bellido, P., Seimetz, M., Benlloch, J., & Roso, L. (2016). Ukulinganisa iprofayili yokuzuza kunye nokusebenza kwe-diode ecaleni-pump QCW Nd: YAG laser. I-Applied Optics, i-55 (33), i-9573-9576.

Zhang, H., Chen, X., Wang, Q., Zhang, X., Chang, J., Gao, L., Shen, H., Cong, Z., Liu, Z., Tao, X., & Li, P. (2013). I-laser ekhuselekileyo emehlweni esebenza kakuhle kakhulu ye-Nd:YAG esebenza kwi-1442.8 nm. Iileta ze-Optics, 38(16), 3075-3077.

Coyle, DB, Kay, R., Stysley, P., kunye noPoulios, D. (2004). Ilaser ye-Nd:YAG esebenza kakuhle, ethembekileyo, ehlala ixesha elide, ekhanyiswa yi-diode kwi-altimetry yezityalo ezisekwe kwindawo. I-Applied Optics, 43(27), 5236-5242.

UZhu, HY, Xu, CW, Zhang, J., Tang, D., Luo, D., kunye noDuan, Y. (2013). Iilaser zeseramikhi ze-Nd:YAG ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu kwi-946 nm. Iileta zeFiziksi zeLaser, 10.

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