Imvelaphi yeLiDAR yeMoto
Ukususela ngo-2015 ukuya ku-2020, ilizwe likhuphe imigaqo-nkqubo eliqela enxulumene noko, egxile kwiizithuthi eziqhagamshelweyo ezikrelekrele' kunye 'izithuthi ezizimelayoEkuqaleni kowama-2020, iSizwe sakhupha izicwangciso ezimbini: Isicwangciso soBuchule bokuVuselela nokuPhuhlisa iiMoto kunye noHlelo lokuZisebenzisela ukuQokelela iiMoto, ukucacisa indawo yesicwangciso kunye nolwalathiso lophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lokuqhuba ngokuzimela.
I-Yole Development, inkampani yokubonisana kwihlabathi liphela, ipapashe ingxelo yophando lweshishini enxulumene ne-'Lidar yeZicelo zeeMoto kunye nezeMizi-mveliso', ikhankanye ukuba imakethi ye-lidar kwicandelo leeMoto inokufikelela kwi-5.7 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2026, kulindeleke ukuba izinga lokukhula konyaka elidibeneyo linokwanda liye ngaphezulu kwe-21% kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo.
Yintoni i-Automotive LiDAR?
I-LiDAR, isishunqulelo se-Light Detection and Ranging, yitekhnoloji entsha eguqule ishishini leemoto, ngakumbi kwicandelo lezithuthi ezizimeleyo. Isebenza ngokukhupha iipulse zokukhanya—ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-laser—ukuya kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo nokulinganisa ixesha elithathwayo ukuze ukukhanya kubuyele kwi-sensor. Olu lwazi lusetyenziselwa ukudala iimaphu ezineenkcukacha ezintathu-ntathu zendalo ejikeleze imoto.
Iinkqubo zeLiDAR zaziwa ngokuchaneka kwazo kunye nokukwazi kwazo ukubona izinto ngokuchanekileyo, nto leyo eyenza zibe sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo. Ngokungafaniyo neekhamera ezixhomekeke ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo kwaye zinokusokola phantsi kweemeko ezithile ezifana nokukhanya okuphantsi okanye ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo, ii-sensors zeLiDAR zibonelela ngedatha ethembekileyo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya kunye nemozulu. Ngaphezu koko, ukukwazi kweLiDAR ukulinganisa imigama ngokuchanekileyo kuvumela ukuchongwa kwezinto, ubungakanani bazo, kunye nesantya sazo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ekuhambeni kwiimeko zokuqhuba ezinzima.
Itshati yokuhamba komgaqo wokusebenza weLiDAR
Izicelo zeLiDAR kwi-Automation:
Itekhnoloji yeLiDAR (Ukufumanisa Ukukhanya kunye nokuHlanganisa) kwishishini leemoto igxile kakhulu ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko lokuqhuba kunye nokuphucula itekhnoloji yokuqhuba ezimeleyo. Itekhnoloji yayo ephambili,Ixesha Lohambo Lwendiza (ToF), isebenza ngokukhupha ii-laser pulses nokubala ixesha elithathayo ukuze ezi pulses zibonakale emva kwimiqobo. Le ndlela ivelisa idatha echanekileyo kakhulu "yelifu lendawo", enokudala iimaphu ezineemilinganiselo ezintathu zendalo ejikeleze isithuthi ngokuchanekileyo kwinqanaba leesentimitha, inika amandla okuqaphela indawo echanekileyo kakhulu kwiimoto.
Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yeLiDAR kwicandelo leemoto kugxile kakhulu kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:
Iinkqubo zokuqhuba ezizimeleyo:I-LiDAR yenye yeendlela eziphambili zokufikelela kumanqanaba aphezulu okuqhuba ngokuzimela. Iyiqonda ngokuchanekileyo imeko-bume ejikeleze imoto, kuquka ezinye izithuthi, abahambi ngeenyawo, iimpawu zendlela, kunye neemeko zendlela, ngaloo ndlela inceda iinkqubo zokuqhuba ngokuzimela ekwenzeni izigqibo ezikhawulezayo nezichanekileyo.
Iinkqubo zoNcedo lwaBaqhubi eziPhambili (i-ADAS):Kwicandelo loncedo lomqhubi, iLiDAR isetyenziselwa ukuphucula iimpawu zokhuseleko lwezithuthi, kubandakanya ulawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa oluhambelanayo, ukubhuleka okungxamisekileyo, ukufunyanwa kwabahambi ngeenyawo, kunye nemisebenzi yokuphepha imiqobo.
Ukuhamba kunye nokuBeka iMoto:Iimaphu ze-3D ezichanekileyo kakhulu ezenziwe yiLiDAR zinokuphucula kakhulu ukuchaneka kokubekwa kwezithuthi, ingakumbi kwiindawo zasezidolophini apho imiqondiso yeGPS ilinganiselwe khona.
Ukubeka iliso kunye noLawulo lweeNdlela:I-LiDAR ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga nokuhlalutya ukuhamba kwezithuthi, inceda iinkqubo zezithuthi zesixeko ekwenzeni ngcono ulawulo lwemiqondiso kunye nokunciphisa ukuxinana.
Kwi-Remote sensing, rangefinding, Automation kunye ne-DTS, njl.
Ngaba ufuna ingcebiso yasimahla?
Iindlela Ezihamba Ngayo I-LiDAR Yeemoto
1. Ukwenziwa kweLiDAR ibe yiMiniaturization
Imbono yemveli yeshishini leemoto ithi izithuthi ezizisebenzelayo akufuneki zahluke ngenkangeleko kwiimoto eziqhelekileyo ukuze zigcine ulonwabo lokuqhuba kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-aerodynamics. Le mbono iqhubele phambili kwindlela eya kwiinkqubo zeLiDAR ezincinci. Ikamva elifanelekileyo kukuba iLiDAR ibe ncinci ngokwaneleyo ukuba idityaniswe kakuhle emzimbeni wesithuthi. Oku kuthetha ukunciphisa okanye ukuphelisa iindawo ezijikelezayo zoomatshini, utshintsho oluhambelana nokushenxa kancinci kancinci kweshishini ukusuka kwizakhiwo zelaser zangoku ukuya kwizisombululo zeLiDAR ezizinzileyo. I-LiDAR ezinzileyo, engenazo iindawo ezihambayo, inikezela ngesisombululo esincinci, esithembekileyo, nesihlala ixesha elide esifanelana kakuhle neemfuno zobuhle kunye nokusebenza kwezithuthi zanamhlanje.
2. Izisombululo zeLiDAR ezifakiweyo
Njengoko ubuchwepheshe bokuqhuba obuzimeleyo buphucukile kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abanye abavelisi beLiDAR baqalise ukusebenzisana nababoneleli bezixhobo zeemoto ukuphuhlisa izisombululo ezidibanisa iLiDAR kwiindawo zesithuthi, njengezibane zemoto. Olu dibaniso alupheleli nje ekufihleni iinkqubo zeLiDAR, lugcina ubuhle besithuthi, kodwa lukwasebenzisa indawo ecwangcisiweyo yokuphucula umbono kunye nokusebenza kweLiDAR. Kwizithuthi zabakhweli, imisebenzi ethile yeAdvanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) ifuna iLiDAR igxile kwii-engile ezithile endaweni yokubonelela ngombono we-360°. Nangona kunjalo, kumanqanaba aphezulu okuzimela, njengeNqanaba lesi-4, izinto eziqwalaselweyo zokhuseleko zifuna umbono we-360° othe tyaba. Oku kulindeleke ukuba kukhokelele kulungiselelo lwamanqaku amaninzi oluqinisekisa ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo imoto.
3.Ukuncitshiswa kweendleko
Njengoko ubuchwepheshe beLiDAR bukhula kwaye buyakhula, iindleko ziyancipha, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukubandakanya ezi nkqubo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezithuthi, kuquka neemodeli eziphakathi. Oku kulawulwa kweteknoloji yeLiDAR kulindeleke ukuba kukhawulezise ukwamkelwa kweempawu zokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokuqhuba ngokuzimela kwimarike yeemoto.
Ii-LIDAR ezithengiswayo namhlanje zi-905nm kunye ne-1550nm/1535nm ii-LIDAR, kodwa ngokwexabiso, i-905nm inenzuzo.
· 905nm LiDARNgokuqhelekileyo, iinkqubo ze-905nm LiDAR zibiza kancinci ngenxa yokufumaneka ngokubanzi kwezinto kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ezivuthiweyo ezinxulumene nalo msinga wobude. Le nzuzo yexabiso yenza i-905nm LiDAR ibe nomtsalane kwizicelo apho ukhuseleko lwamehlo kunye nobubanzi beendawo azibalulekanga kangako.
· 1550/1535nm LiDAR: Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-1550/1535nm, ezifana nee-laser kunye nee-detectors, zidla ngokuba zibiza kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba itekhnoloji ayisasazeki kangako kwaye izinto ezisetyenziswayo ziyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, iingenelo ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza zinokuthethelela iindleko eziphezulu kwizicelo ezithile, ingakumbi ekuqhubeni ngokuzimela apho ukufunyanwa nokhuseleko olude kubaluleke kakhulu.
[Ikhonkco:Funda Okungakumbi malunga nothelekiso phakathi kwe-905nm kunye ne-1550nm/1535nm LiDAR]
4. Ukhuseleko oluKhulisiweyo kunye ne-ADAS ephuculweyo
Itekhnoloji yeLiDAR iphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS), inika izithuthi amandla okumapha ngokuchanekileyo kokusingqongileyo. Oku kuchaneka kuphucula iimpawu zokhuseleko ezifana nokuphepha ukungqubana, ukufunyanwa kwabahambi ngeenyawo, kunye nolawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa oluhambelanayo, nto leyo etyhala ishishini kufutshane nokufikelela ekuqhubeni ngokuzimela ngokupheleleyo.
Imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo
Kwizithuthi, ii-sensors ze-LIDAR zikhupha ii-pulse zokukhanya ezitsiba izinto zize zibuyele kwi-sensor. Ixesha elithathayo ukuba ii-pulse zibuye lisetyenziselwa ukubala umgama ukusuka kwizinto. Olu lwazi lunceda ekudaleni imephu eneenkcukacha ze-3D yendawo ejikelezileyo yesithuthi.
Inkqubo eqhelekileyo ye-LIDAR yeemoto iqulethe i-laser yokukhupha ii-pulses zokukhanya, iskena kunye ne-optics yokuqondisa ii-pulses, i-photodetector yokubamba ukukhanya okubonakalayo, kunye neyunithi yokucubungula ukuhlalutya idatha kunye nokudala ukubonakaliswa kwe-3D kwendalo.
Ewe, i-LIDAR iyakwazi ukubona izinto ezihambayo. Ngokulinganisa utshintsho kwindawo yezinto ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-LIDAR ingakwazi ukubala isantya kunye nendlela ezihamba ngayo.
I-LIDAR idityaniswe kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko lwezithuthi ukuphucula iimpawu ezifana nolawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa oluhambelanayo, ukuphepha ukungqubana, kunye nokuchongwa kwabahambi ngeenyawo ngokubonelela ngemilinganiselo yomgama echanekileyo nethembekileyo kunye nokuchongwa kwezinto.
Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe be-LIDAR yeemoto luquka ukunciphisa ubungakanani kunye neendleko zeenkqubo ze-LIDAR, ukwandisa uluhlu lwazo kunye nesisombululo sazo, kunye nokuzidibanisa ngokulula kuyilo kunye nokusebenza kwezithuthi.
[ikhonkco:Iiparameter eziphambili ze-LIDAR Laser]
I-laser yefayibha evulusiweyo eyi-1.5μm luhlobo lomthombo welaser osetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-LIDAR zeemoto ezikhupha ukukhanya kubude be-1.5 micrometers (μm). Ivelisa ii-pulses ezimfutshane zokukhanya kwe-infrared ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa imigama ngokutsiba kwizinto zize zibuyele kwi-sensor ye-LIDAR.
I-wavelength eyi-1.5μm isetyenziswa kuba inika ulungelelwano oluhle phakathi kokhuseleko lwamehlo kunye nokungena emoyeni. Iilaser ezikule luhlu lwamaza okukhanya azinakwenzeka ukuba zibangele ingozi emehlweni abantu kunezo zikhupha kumaza okukhanya amafutshane kwaye zinokwenza kakuhle kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu.
Nangona iilaser ze-1.5μm zisebenza ngcono kunokukhanya okubonakalayo kwinkungu nemvula, amandla azo okungena kwimiqobo yomoya asalinganiselwe. Ukusebenza kwiimeko zemozulu ezimbi ngokubanzi kungcono kuneelaser ze-wavelength ezimfutshane kodwa azisebenzi njengeenketho ze-wavelength ezinde.
Nangona iilaser zefayibha ezivuthululweyo ze-1.5μm ekuqaleni zinokunyusa iindleko zeenkqubo ze-LIDAR ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bazo obuphucukileyo, ukuqhubela phambili kwimveliso kunye noqoqosho lwezinga kulindeleke ukuba kunciphise iindleko ngokuhamba kwexesha. Iingenelo zazo ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni nasekukhuselekeni zibonwa njengezithethelela utyalo-mali. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye neempawu zokhuseleko eziphuculweyo ezibonelelwa ziilaser zefayibha ezivuthululweyo ze-1.5μm zenza zibe lutyalo-mali olufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-LIDAR zeemoto..