Imvelaphi yeLiDAR yeemoto
Ukusukela ngo-2015 ukuya ku-2020, ilizwe likhuphe imigaqo-nkqubo emininzi enxulumeneyo, igxile 'izithuthi ezikrelekrele ezidityanisiweyo'kunye'izithuthi ezizimeleyo'.Ekuqaleni kowama-2020, iSizwe sakhupha izicwangciso ezibini: iNdlela eNgqobileyo yokuVeliswa kweVehicle kunye neSicwangciso soPhuhliso kunye noHlelo lwe-Automobile Driving Automation Classification, ukucacisa indawo yesicwangciso kunye nesikhokelo sophuhliso lwexesha elizayo lokuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo.
I-Yole Development, inkampani yokucebisa kwihlabathi jikelele, ipapashe ingxelo yophando yoshishino ehambelana ne-'Lidar ye-Automotive kunye ne-Industrial Applications', ikhankanye ukuba imarike ye-lidar kwindawo ye-Automotive inokufikelela kwi-5.7 yezigidigidi zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2026, kulindeleke ukuba i-compound yonyaka. izinga lokukhula linokwanda liye kutsho ngaphezulu kwama-21% kule minyaka mihlanu izayo.
Yintoni i-Automotive LiDAR?
I-LiDAR, imfutshane yokuFumana ukuKhanya kunye ne-Ranging, yitekhnoloji yoguquko eye yaguqula ishishini leemoto, ngakumbi kwindawo yezithuthi ezizimeleyo.Isebenza ngokukhupha ii-pulses zokukhanya-ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka kwi-laser-ukuya ekujoliswe kuyo kunye nokulinganisa ixesha elithathayo ukuba ukukhanya kubuyele kwinzwa.Le datha ke isetyenziselwa ukwenza imephu eneenkcukacha ezintathu-ntathu yendawo ejikeleze isithuthi.
Iinkqubo ze-LiDAR zaziwa ngokuchaneka kwazo kunye nokukwazi ukubona izinto ngokuchaneka okuphezulu, okuzenza zibe sisixhobo esiyimfuneko ekuqhubeni ngokuzimeleyo.Ngokungafaniyo neekhamera ezithembele ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo kwaye zinokuzabalaza phantsi kweemeko ezithile ezifana nokukhanya okuphantsi okanye ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuthe ngqo, ii-sensors ze-LiDAR zibonelela ngedatha ethembekileyo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya kunye nemozulu.Ngaphaya koko, ukukwazi kwe-LiDAR ukulinganisa imigama ngokuchanekileyo kuvumela ukuchongwa kwezinto, ubungakanani bazo, kunye nesantya sazo, esibalulekileyo ekuhambeni kweemeko ezinzima zokuqhuba.
Itshathi yokuHamba koMgaqo wokuSebenza we-LiDAR
Izicelo ze-LiDAR kwi-Automation:
Itekhnoloji ye-LiDAR (i-Light Detection kunye ne-Rangi) kwishishini leemoto igxile ikakhulu ekuphuculeni ukhuseleko lokuqhuba kunye nokuqhubela phambili kobuchwephesha bokuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo.Itekhnoloji yayo ephambili,Ixesha lokuhamba ngenqwelomoya (ToF), isebenza ngokukhupha i-laser pulses kunye nokubala ixesha elithathayo ukuze ezi pulses zibonakaliswe emva kwimiqobo.Le ndlela ivelisa idatha ye "point cloud" echaneke kakhulu, enokudala iinkcukacha zeemephu ezinamacala amathathu okusingqongileyo okungqonge isithuthi ngokuchaneka kwenqanaba lesentimitha, ibonelela ngesakhono esichanekileyo sokuqonda indawo kwiimoto.
Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-LiDAR kwicandelo leemoto kugxile kakhulu kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:
Iinkqubo zokuQhuba eziZimelayo:I-LiDAR yenye yetekhnoloji ephambili yokufezekisa amanqanaba aphezulu okuqhuba ngokuzimela.Iyibona ngokuchanekileyo imeko-bume engqonge isithuthi, kubandakanywa nezinye izithuthi, abahambi ngeenyawo, iimpawu zendlela, kunye neemeko zendlela, ngaloo ndlela inceda iinkqubo zokuqhuba ezizimeleyo ekwenzeni izigqibo ezikhawulezayo nezichanekileyo.
IiNkqubo zoNcedo loMqhubi oPhezulu (ADAS):Kwindawo yoncedo lomqhubi, i-LiDAR isetyenziselwa ukuphucula iimpawu zokhuseleko lwesithuthi, kubandakanywa nokulawulwa kwe-cruise cruise, ukunyanzeliswa ngokukhawuleza, ukukhangela abahamba ngeenyawo, kunye nemisebenzi yokuphepha imiqobo.
Ukujonga isithuthi kunye nokumiswa:Iimephu ze-3D ezichaneke kakhulu eziveliswe yi-LiDAR zinokuphucula kakhulu ukuchaneka kokumisa isithuthi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezisezidolophini apho iimpawu ze-GPS zilinganiselwe.
UkuJonga nokuLawulwa kweTrafiki:I-LiDAR inokusetyenziselwa ukubeka iliso kunye nokuhlalutya ukuhamba kwezithuthi, inceda iinkqubo zezithuthi zedolophu ekwandiseni ulawulo lomqondiso kunye nokunciphisa ukuxinana.
Kwimvakalelo ekude, ukukhangela uluhlu, Ukuzenzekela kunye ne-DTS, njl.
Ngaba ufuna Uthethwano lwasimahla?
Iindlela eziya kwi-Automotive LiDAR
1. I-LiDAR Miniaturization
Imboniselo yemveli yoshishino lweemoto ibambe ukuba izithuthi ezizimeleyo akufuneki zohluke ngenkangeleko kwiimoto zesiqhelo ukugcina uqhuba uyolo kunye ne-aerodynamics esebenzayo.Lo mbono uqhubele phambili umkhwa wokwenza iinkqubo ezincinci ze-LiDAR.Ikamva elifanelekileyo kukuba i-LiDAR ibencinci ngokwaneleyo ukuba idityaniswe ngaphandle komthungo kumzimba wesithuthi.Oku kuthetha ukunciphisa okanye nokuphelisa iinxalenye ezijikelezayo ngoomatshini, inguqu ehambelana nokuhamba kancinci koshishino kude nolwakhiwo lwangoku lwelaser ukuya kwizisombululo zeLiDAR zelizwe eliqinileyo.I-Solid-state LiDAR, engenazo iindawo ezihambayo, ibonelela ngesisombululo esibambeneyo, esithembekileyo, kunye nesesigxina esingena kakuhle ngaphakathi kweemfuno zobuhle kunye nokusebenza kwezithuthi zanamhlanje.
2. Izisombululo ze-LiDAR ezizinzisiweyo
Njengoko iitekhnoloji zokuqhuba ezizimeleyo sele zihambele phambili kule minyaka yamva nje, abanye abavelisi be-LiDAR baqalisile ukusebenzisana nababoneleli ngeenxalenye zeemoto ukuphuhlisa izisombululo ezidibanisa i-LiDAR kwiindawo zesithuthi, ezinje ngezibane.Oku kudityaniswa akusebenzi nje kuphela ukufihla iinkqubo ze-LiDAR, ukugcina isibheno sobuhle besithuthi, kodwa kwandisa ukubekwa kwesicwangciso sokuphucula intsimi ye-LiDAR yokujonga kunye nokusebenza.Kwizithuthi zabagibeli, imisebenzi ethile ye-Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) ifuna ukuba i-LiDAR igxininise kwii-angles ezithile kunokubonelela nge-360 °.Nangona kunjalo, kumanqanaba aphezulu okuzimela, njengeNqanaba lesi-4, ukuqwalaselwa kokhuseleko kufuna i-360 ° indawo yokujonga ethe tye.Oku kulindeleke ukuba kukhokelele kuhlengahlengiso lwamanqaku amaninzi aqinisekisa ukugubungela ngokupheleleyo isithuthi.
3.UkuNcitshiswa kweendleko
Njengoko iteknoloji ye-LiDAR ikhula kunye nezikali zokuvelisa, iindleko ziyancipha, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubandakanya ezi nkqubo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezithuthi, kubandakanywa neemodeli eziphakathi.Le demokhrasi yetekhnoloji ye-LiDAR kulindeleke ukuba ikhawulezise ukwamkelwa kokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye neempawu zokuqhuba ezizimeleyo kuyo yonke imarike yeemoto.
I-LIDARs kwimarike namhlanje uninzi lwe-905nm kunye ne-1550nm / 1535nm LIDAR, kodwa ngokweendleko, i-905nm inenzuzo.
· 905nm LiDAR: Ngokuqhelekileyo, iinkqubo ze-905nm LiDAR azibizi kakhulu ngenxa yokufumaneka ngokubanzi kwamacandelo kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa ezivuthiweyo ezinxulumene nolu bude bamaza.Le nzuzo yeendleko yenza i-905nm LiDAR ibe nomtsalane kwizicelo apho uluhlu kunye nokhuseleko lwamehlo lungabalulekanga kangako.
· 1550/1535nm LiDAR: Amacandelo eenkqubo ze-1550/1535nm, ezifana ne-laser kunye ne-detectors, zithande ukubiza kakhulu, ngenxa yokuba iteknoloji ayisasazeki kakhulu kwaye amacandelo anzima kakhulu.Nangona kunjalo, izibonelelo ngokubhekiselele kukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza zinokuthethelela iindleko eziphezulu zezicelo ezithile, ngakumbi ekuqhubeni ngokuzimeleyo apho ukubonwa okude kunye nokhuseleko kubaluleke kakhulu.
[Ikhonkco:Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuthelekisa phakathi kwe-905nm kunye ne-1550nm / 1535nm LiDAR]
4. UKhuseleko olwandisiweyo kunye ne-ADAS ephuculweyo
I-teknoloji ye-LiDAR iphakamisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS), ukubonelela ngezithuthi ezinobuchule obuchanekileyo bokwenza imephu yendalo.Oku kuchanekileyo kuphucula iimpawu zokhuseleko ezifana nokuphepha ukungqubana, ukubhaqwa kwabahambi ngeenyawo, kunye nolawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa olulungelelanisiweyo, lutyhalela ishishini ekuphumezeni ukuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo ngokupheleleyo.
Ii-FAQs
Kwizithuthi, izinzwa ze-LIDAR zikhupha ii-pulses ezikhanyayo ezikhupha izinto kwaye zibuyele kwinzwa.Ixesha elithathayo ukuba i-pulses ibuye isetyenziselwa ukubala umgama kwizinto.Olu lwazi lunceda ukwenza imephu eneenkcukacha ye-3D yendawo engqonge isithuthi.
Inkqubo ye-LIDAR yemoto eqhelekileyo iqulethe i-laser yokukhupha i-pulses yokukhanya, i-scanner kunye ne-optics yokuqondisa i-pulses, i-photodetector ukuba ibambe ukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo, kunye neyunithi yokucubungula ukuhlalutya idatha kunye nokudala ukubonakaliswa kwe-3D yendalo.
Ewe, i-LIDAR inokubona izinto ezihambayo.Ngokulinganisa utshintsho kwindawo yezinto ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-LIDAR ingabala isantya sabo kunye ne-trajectory.
I-LIDAR idityaniswe kwiinkqubo zokhuseleko lwezithuthi ukuze kuphuculwe iimpawu ezifana nolawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa, ukuphepha ukungqubana, kunye nokufunyanwa kwabahambi ngeenyawo ngokubonelela ngemilinganiselo echanekileyo nethembekileyo yomgama kunye nokufunyanwa kwezinto.
Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo kwi-teknoloji ye-LIDAR ye-automotive iquka ukunciphisa ubungakanani kunye neendleko zeenkqubo ze-LIDAR, ukwandisa uluhlu lwazo kunye nesisombululo, kunye nokudibanisa ngokungenamthungo kuyilo kunye nokusebenza kwezithuthi.
[Ikhonkco:Iiparamitha eziphambili ze-LIDAR Laser]
I-1.5μm i-fiber fiber laser luhlobo lomthombo we-laser osetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ze-LIDAR zemoto ezikhupha ukukhanya kwi-wavelength ye-1.5 micrometers (μm).Ivelisa ii-pulses ezimfutshane zokukhanya kwe-infrared ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa imigama ngokugxumeka kwizinto kunye nokubuyela kwi-LIDAR sensor.
I-1.5μm ye-wavelength isetyenziswa kuba inika ibhalansi elungileyo phakathi kokhuseleko lwamehlo kunye nokungena kwe-atmospheric.IiLaser kolu luhlu lwamaza akunakwenzeka ukuba zenze ingozi emehlweni abantu kunezo zikhupha kumaza amaza amafutshane kwaye zinokusebenza kakuhle kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu.
Ngelixa i-1.5μm lasers zisebenza ngcono kunokukhanya okubonakalayo kwinkungu kunye nemvula, ukukwazi kwabo ukungena kwimiqobo ye-atmospheric kusenomda.Ukusebenza kwiimeko zemozulu ezimbi ngokuqhelekileyo kungcono kunee-laser ezimfutshane zamaza kodwa azisebenzi njengokhetho olude lwamaza.
Ngelixa i-1.5μm i-fiber lasers ye-pulsed fiber inokunyusa okokuqala iindleko zeenkqubo ze-LIDAR ngenxa yetekhnoloji yazo entsonkothileyo, ukuqhubela phambili kwimveliso kunye noqoqosho lwesikali kulindeleke ukunciphisa iindleko ngokuhamba kwexesha.Iinzuzo zabo malunga nokusebenza kunye nokhuseleko zibonwa njengobungqina botyalo-mali.Ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye neempawu zokhuseleko eziphuculweyo ezibonelelwa yi-1.5μm i-fiber lasers ye-pulsed fibres ibenza ibe lutyalo-mali olufanelekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-LIDAR zemoto..