I-inertial Navigation

IiFOGs Components Solutions

Yintoni i-Inertial Navigation?

Izinto ezisisiseko zokuHamba nge-Inertial

Imithetho-siseko esisiseko yokukhangela i-inertial iyafana naleyo yezinye iindlela zokukhangela. Ixhomekeke ekufumaneni ulwazi oluphambili, kubandakanywa indawo yokuqala, uqhelaniso lokuqala, isalathiso kunye nokuqhelaniswa nentshukumo kumzuzu ngamnye, kunye nokudibanisa ngokuqhubekayo le datha (i-analogous kwimisebenzi yokudibanisa imathematika) ukumisela ngokuchanekileyo iparameters zokuhamba, ezifana nokuqhelaniswa kunye nendawo.

Indima yeSensors ku-Inertial Navigation

Ukufumana i-orientation yangoku (isimo sengqondo) kunye nolwazi lwendawo yento ehambayo, iinkqubo ze-inertial navigation system zisebenzisa isethi yeenzwa ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezibandakanya i-accelerometers kunye ne-gyroscopes. Ezi zinzwa zilinganisa isantya se-angular kunye nokukhawuleza komthuthi kwisakhelo sereferensi engasebenziyo. Idatha ke idityaniswe kwaye iqhutywe ekuhambeni kwexesha ukufumana isantya kunye nolwazi oluhambelanayo lwendawo. Emva koko, olu lwazi luguqulwa lube yinkqubo yokulungelelanisa ukuhamba, ngokubambisana nedatha yendawo yokuqala, ekugqibeleni ekumiselweni kwendawo yangoku yomthwali.

Imigaqo yokuSebenza yeeNkqubo zokuHamba ngokuNgaphakathi

Iisistim zokuzulazula ezingasebenziyo zisebenza njengezixokelelwano ezizimeleyo, zangaphakathi ezivaliweyo. Abathembeli kwixesha langempela lohlaziyo lwedatha yangaphandle ukulungisa iimpazamo ngexesha lokuhamba komphathi. Ngaloo ndlela, inkqubo enye ye-inertial navigation ilungele imisebenzi yokukhangela ixesha elifutshane. Ukusebenza kwexesha elide, kufuneka kudityaniswe nezinye iindlela zokuhamba, ezifana neenkqubo zokukhangela ezisekelwe kwisathelayithi, ukulungisa ngezikhathi ezithile iimpazamo zangaphakathi eziqokelelweyo.

UkuFihlwa kokuHamba okuNgaphakathi

Kwitekhnoloji yokukhangela yale mihla, kubandakanya ukuhamba kwesibhakabhaka, ukuhamba ngesathelayithi, kunye nokuhamba koonomathotholo, ukuhamba nge-inertial kugqama njengokuzimela. Ayikhupheli miqondiso kwindawo yangaphandle okanye ixhomekeke kwizinto zasezulwini okanye kwimiqondiso yangaphandle. Ngenxa yoko, iisistim zokukhangela i-inertial zibonelela ngelona nqanaba liphezulu lokufihlakala, zizenza zilungele usetyenziso olufuna imfihlo enkulu.

Inkcazo esemthethweni yokuHamba okuNgaphakathi

I-Inertial Navigation System (INS) yinkqubo yoqikelelo lweparameter yokukhangela esebenzisa i-gyroscopes kunye ne-accelerometers njengezinzwa. Inkqubo, esekelwe kwimveliso ye-gyroscopes, iseka inkqubo yokulungelelanisa ukuhamba ngelixa isebenzisa imveliso ye-accelerometers ukubala isantya kunye nendawo yomphathi kwinkqubo yokulungelelanisa yokukhangela.

Usetyenziso lwe-Inertial Navigation

Itekhnoloji ye-inertial ifumene usetyenziso olubanzi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-aerospace, i-aviation, i-maritime, ukuhlola i-petroleum, i-geodesy, i-oceanographic surveys, i-geological drilling, i-robotics, kunye neenkqubo zikaloliwe. Ngokufika kwe-inertial sensors eziphambili, itekhnoloji ye-inertial yandise ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwishishini leemoto kunye nezixhobo zombane zezonyango, phakathi kwezinye iindawo. Lo mda wandayo wezicelo ugxininisa indima ebaluleke kakhulu yokunyuka kwe-inertial ekuboneleleni ngokuchaneka okuphezulu kokukhangela kunye nezakhono zokubeka ubuninzi bezicelo.

Eyona NONEI-Fiber Optic Gyroscope

Intshayelelo kwiFiber Optic Gyroscopes

Iisistim zokuzulazula ezingenamandla zixhomekeke kakhulu ekuchanekeni nasekuchanekeni kwezinto zazo ezingundoqo. Elinye icandelo elilolo hlobo eliphucule kakhulu amandla ezi nkqubo yiFiber Optic Gyroscope (FOG). IFOG sisivamvo esibalulekileyo esidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulinganiseni isantya somthuthi we-angular ngokuchaneka okumangalisayo.

Ukusebenza kweFiber Optic Gyroscope

IiFOGs zisebenza kumgaqo wempembelelo yeSagnac, ebandakanya ukwahlula umqadi welaser ube ziindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, ukuyivumela ukuba ihambe ngendlela echaseneyo kunye nefiber optic loop ejiyileyo. Xa umthwali, efakwe kwi-FOG, ejikelezayo, umehluko kwixesha lokuhamba phakathi kweeplanga ezimbini zihambelana nesantya se-angular sokujikeleza komthwali. Eli xesha lokulibaziseka, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-Sagnac phase shift, emva koko kulinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo, okwenza ukuba iFOG ibonelele ngedatha echanekileyo malunga nokujikeleza komthuthi.

Umgaqo we-fiber optic gyroscope uquka ukukhutshwa kwemitha yokukhanya kwi-photodetector. Lo mtha wokukhanya udlula kwi-coupler, ungena ukusuka kwelinye icala kwaye uphume kwelinye. Emva koko ihamba nge-loop optical. Imisebe emibini yokukhanya, evela kumacala ahlukeneyo, faka i-loop kwaye ugcwalise i-superposition ehambelanayo emva kokujikeleza. Ukukhanya okubuyayo kuphinda kungene kwi-light-emitting diode (LED), esetyenziselwa ukuqaphela ubunzulu bayo. Ngelixa umgaqo wefiber optic gyroscope unokubonakala uthe tye, owona mceli mngeni ubalulekileyo usekushenxiseni izinto ezichaphazela ubude bendlela yokukhanya kwezi mitha zimbini zokukhanya. Lo ngomnye wemiba ebaluleke kakhulu ejongene nophuhliso lwefiber optic gyroscopes.

1: i-superluminescent diode 2:i-photodetector diode

3.light source coupler 4.ifayibha ring coupler 5.ifiber ring

Izinto eziluncedo kwiFiber Optic Gyroscopes

IiFOG zibonelela ngeengenelo ezininzi ezibenza baxabiseke kwiinkqubo zokuqukuqela ezingenasiphelo. Zaziwa ngokuchaneka kwazo, ukuthembeka, kunye nokuqina kwazo. Ngokungafaniyo ne-gyros yomatshini, iiFOG azinamalungu ashukumayo, zinciphisa umngcipheko wokuguga. Ukongeza, ziyaxhathisa ukothuka kunye nokungcangcazela, nto leyo ezenza zibe zilungele imeko ezingqongileyo ezinje nge-aerospace kunye nezicelo zokhuselo.

Ukudityaniswa kwe-Fiber Optic Gyroscopes kwi-Inertial Navigation

Iinkqubo zokukhangela i-inertial zibandakanya ngakumbi iiFOGs ngenxa yokuchaneka kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokuthembeka. Ezi gyroscopes zibonelela ngemilinganiselo yesantya esibalulekileyo e-angular efunekayo ukuze kumiselwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuqhelaniswa nendawo. Ngokudibanisa ii-FOGs kwiinkqubo ezikhoyo zokuqhuba i-inertial, abaqhubi banokuzuza ekuphuculeni ukuchaneka kokukhangela, ngakumbi kwiimeko apho ukuchaneka okugqithisileyo kuyimfuneko.

Usetyenziso lweFiber Optic Gyroscopes kwi-Inertial Navigation

Ukubandakanywa kwe-FOGs kwandise ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokuzulazula ezingenasiphelo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kwi-aerospace kunye ne-aviation, iinkqubo ezixhotyiswe nge-FOG zibonelela ngezisombululo ezichanekileyo zokukhangela iinqwelomoya, iidrone, kunye neziphekepheke. Zikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kuhambo lwaselwandle, uphando lwejoloji, kunye neerobhothi eziphucukileyo, zenza ezi nkqubo zisebenze ngokuphucuka kokusebenza kunye nokuthembeka.

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeZakhiwo zeFiber Optic Gyroscopes

I-Fiber optic gyroscopes iza ngolungelelwaniso olwahlukeneyo lwesakhiwo, kwaye eyona iphambili ngoku ingena kummandla wobunjinelii-loop-loop polarization-ukugcina i-fiber optic gyroscope. Embindini wale gyroscope yii-polarization-ukugcina i-fiber loop, equka i-polarization-ukugcina iifiber kunye nesakhelo esiyilwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ulwakhiwo lwale loop lubandakanya indlela ephindwe kane ye-symmetric winding, eyongezwa ngejeli eyodwa yokutywina ukwenza ikhoyili yefiber loop eqinileyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili zeIPolarization-Ukugcina iFiber Optic Gyro Ikhoyili

▶ Uyilo lwesakhelo esahlukileyo:I-loops ye-gyroscope ibonakalisa uyilo lwesakhelo esahlukileyo esivumela iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-polarization-ukugcina iintsinga ngokulula.

▶Indlela yoBuchule ePhindezeliswe kane yeSymmetric:Ubuchwephesha be-symmetric winding ephindwe kane bunciphisa umphumo weShupe, ukuqinisekisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo kunye nethembekileyo.

▶Isixhobo seGel yokutywina ekwinqanaba eliphezulu:Ukuqeshwa kwezixhobo zejeli zokutywina eziphambili, kudityaniswe nobuchule obukhethekileyo bokunyanga, kwandisa ukuxhathisa ukungcangcazela, kwenze ezi loops zegyroscope zilungele usetyenziso kwiindawo ezifuna ngamandla.

▶Uzinzo lokuBambisana lobushushu obuphezulu:I-loops ye-gyroscope ibonisa ukuzinza kokuhambelana kweqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka nakwiimeko ze-thermal ezahlukeneyo.

▶ Isakhelo Esenziwe Lula Ubunzima:Iilophu zegyroscope zenziwe ngesakhelo esithe ngqo kodwa sikhaphukhaphu, siqinisekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu.

▶ Inkqubo yoKujija ngokungaguqukiyo:Inkqubo yokujija ihlala izinzile, ilungelelanisa kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo ze-fiber optic gyroscopes ezichanekileyo.

Isalathiso

Groves, PD (2008). Intshayelelo kwi-Inertial Navigation.Ijenali yokuNavigation, 61(1), 13-28.

El-Sheimy, N., Hou, H., & Niu, X. (2019). Iitekhnoloji ze-inertial sensors zezicelo zokukhangela: imeko yobugcisa.Ukukhangela ngesathelayithi, 1(1), 1-15 .

Woodman, OJ (2007). Intshayelelo yokukhangela iinertial.IYunivesithi yaseCambridge, iLebhu yeKhompyutha, i-UCAM-CL-TR-696.

Chatila, R., & Laumond, JP (1985). Ireferensi yesikhundla kunye nemodeli yehlabathi engaguqukiyo yeerobhothi ezihambayo.Kwiinkqubo zeNkomfa yaMazwe ngaMazwe ye-IEEE yowe-1985 kwiRobhothi kunye noKuzenzekelayo(Umqulu 2, iphepha 138-145). IEEE.